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Understanding and addressing the environmental risk of microplastics

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1612-5

摘要：

Over the past decades, the plastic production has been dramatically increased. Indeed, a category of small plastic particles mainly with the shapes of fragments, fibers, or spheres, called microplastics (particles smaller than 5 mm) and nanoplastics (particles smaller than 1 μm) have attracted particular attention. Because of its wide distribution in the environment and potential adverse effects to animal and human, microplastic pollution has been reported as a serious environment problem receiving increased attention in recent years. As one of the commonly detected emerging contaminants in the environment, recent evidence indicates that the concentration of microplastics show an increasing trend, for the reason that up to 12.7 million metric tons of plastic litter is released into aquatic environment from land-based sources each year. Furthermore, microplastic exposure levels of model organisms in laboratory studies are usually several orders of magnitude higher than those found in environment, and the microplastics exposure conditions are also different with those observed in the environment. Additionally, the detection of microplastics in feces indicates that they can be excreted out of the bodies of animal and human. Hence, great uncertainties might exist in microplastics exposure and health risk assessment based on current studies, which might be exaggerated. Policies reduce microplastic emission sources and hence minimize their environmental risks are determined. To promote the above policies, we must first overcome the technical obstacles of detecting microplastics in various samples.

关键词： Emerging contaminants     Microplastics     Environment risk     Health effect    

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Pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic environment in China: locally screening and environmental risk assessment

Yongshan CHEN,Xiuping XI,Gang YU,Qiming CAO,Bin WANG,François VINCE,Youwei HONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 394-401 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0653-1

摘要： An environmental risk assessment was performed for pharmaceutical compounds present in the aquatic environment of China. Predicted environmental concentration ( ) of the compounds were calculated according to European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) guidelines. Available ecotoxicological data compromised by applying a very conservative assessment factor ( ) were employed to calculate the predicted no-effect concentration ( ). The screening principle and the risk assessment were based on risk quotient ( ), which derived from the and related values. results indicated that all the compounds except sulfadimethoxine and levocarnitine, should carry out phase II risk assessment in EMEA guideline. values suggested that more than 36 pharmaceuticals may be imposed health threats to the aquatic environment; especially the antibiotic therapeutic class including amoxicillin, sulfasalazine, trimethoprim, oxytetracycline and erythromycin showed high values. These substances with high value ( ≥1) were regarded as top-priority pharmaceuticals for control in the aquatic environment of China. However, the antibiotic substances which had low risk quotient ( <1), should be reassessed by its potentially induced resistance under low concentration in future.

关键词： pharmaceuticals     aquatic environment     risk assessment     aquatic toxicity     risk quotient    

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The influencing factors of the WTP for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents in China

Lei HUANG, Zhijuan SHAO, Weiliang BAO, Bailing DUAN, Jun BI, Zengwei YUAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 860-868 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0467-y

摘要： To explore the factors that influence respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents, a questionnaire survey combined with contingent valuation and psychometric paradigm methods were conducted in the city of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China. Both traditional socioeconomic variables and perceived characteristics of the hazards were considered in this study, and a Tobit model was used to find the factors influencing WTP under three risk reduction scenarios. The results showed that three demographic characteristics, , , and , significantly affected the WTP for chemical risk reduction. In addition, three extracted public risk perception factors, , , and , also strongly affected the WTP. The mean WTP value increased as the magnitude of the risk reduction increased. The number of factors influencing the WTP decreased as the reduction level improved, and only the factor had a significant influence on the WTP for a higher level (80%) of risk reduction. The cost for chemical safety management of Yancheng was calculated, and the optimized risk reduction level was determined. These findings can assist governments and policy makers to formulate suitable strategies for risk control, to reach target groups of people to develop effective communication, and to provide specific references for the best investment for the security of local residents.

关键词： risk perception     willingness to pay     contingent valuation method     risk management school of the environment    

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Major bridge projects——a multi-disciplinary approach

Klaus H. OSTENFELD, Erik Y. ANDERSEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 479-495 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0137-3

摘要： Modern bridge building is much more than concrete, steel and money. The overall socioeconomic impact, influence on people migration, traffic, use of primary materials, safety of construction impact on the environment, energy, risk scenarios, health, and most relevant now: climate and CO emissions, are among the parameters which enter into the decision process at the overall holistic conceptual level, the more detailed level of selection of bridge sites, and selection of bridge types as well as construction methods and selection of materials and products. The paper illustrates these dilemmas and illustrates by specific examples how this complicated decision process can be managed and structured in order to arrive at an overall satisfactory solution for design, construction and maintenance throughout the lifetime (life cycle) to these sometimes contradictory parameters and requirements.

关键词： bridges     materials     climate     risk     safety     environment     socioeconomics     traffic     CO2     energy     life cycle     society     aesthetics    

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Application of MoS in the space environment: a review

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0755-1

摘要： A considerable portion of space mechanism failures are related to space tribological problems. Cold welding in high vacuum; surface erosion and collision damage caused by various radiations, high temperature oxidation under atomic oxygen (AO) bombardment; and thermal stress caused by temperature alternation all alter the physical, chemical, and friction properties of materials. In particular, the space vibration caused by alternating temperatures and microgravity environments can alter the motion of the contact body, further affecting its friction properties. Improving the friction properties of contact surfaces in the space environment is an important way to extend the service life of spacecraft. Traditional lubricants can no longer meet the lubrication requirements of the space environment. This study describes the characteristics of the space environment and the applications of solid lubricants. The friction properties of MoS2, a solid lubricant widely used in space, are discussed. The synergistic lubrication of MoS2 with surface textures or metals is presented. Advances in research on the friction properties of collision sliding contacts in the space environment are reviewed. The combination of MoS2 and soft metals with surface textures is introduced to reduce the effects of vibration environments on the friction properties of moving parts in space mechanisms. Finally, the challenges and future research interests of MoS2 films in space tribology are presented.

关键词： MoS2     soft metal     space environment     surface texture     synergistic effect     vibration    

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Linking elements to outcomes of knowledge transfer in the project environment: Current review and future

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 221-238 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0195-3

摘要： A project is a specific effort to create a unique product, so it is a favorable place for knowledge creation and development. Knowledge can be transferred inside and outside projects and their parent project-based organizations, thus affecting project performance and organizational competitiveness. However, the current research on the elements and outcomes of knowledge transfer (KT) in the project environment lacks completeness and clarity, and that on the different levels of KT is fragmented. This study aims to conduct comprehensive research to determine and link the elements and outcomes of KT in the project environment. The authors systematically analyzed the relevant literature from 2000 to 2021, which showed an increasing publication trend. They divided KT in the project environment into three levels according to the transfer scenario: Intra-project, cross-project, and cross-organizational KT. Five-dimensional transfer elements and two-dimensional transfer outcomes were then identified and analyzed from previous literature. Lastly, the relationships between the transfer elements and outcomes were gathered to create a comprehensive model. Importantly, the knowledge gap in the current literature was highlighted, and future research directions were put forward. This study builds a theoretical framework linking transfer elements to outcomes that can serve as a basis for scholars and practitioners to develop effective strategies for KT in the project environment.

关键词： knowledge transfer     knowledge management     project management     project environment     literature review    

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Digital twin for healthy indoor environment: A vision for the post-pandemic era

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 300-318 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0244-y

摘要： Indoor environment has significant impacts on human health as people spend 90% of their time indoors. The COVID-19 pandemic and the increased public health awareness have further elevated the urgency for cultivating and maintaining a healthy indoor environment. The advancement in emerging digital twin technologies including building information modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), data analytics, and smart control have led to new opportunities for building design and operation. Despite the numerous studies on developing methods for creating digital twins and enabling new functionalities and services in smart building management, very few have focused on the health of indoor environment. There is a critical need for understanding and envisaging how digital twin paradigms can be geared towards healthy indoor environment. Therefore, this study reviews the techniques for developing digital twins and discusses how the techniques can be customized to contribute to public health. Specifically, the current applications of BIM, IoT sensing, data analytics, and smart building control technologies for building digital twins are reviewed, and the knowledge gaps and limitations are discussed to guide future research for improving environmental and occupant health. Moreover, this paper elaborates a vision for future research on integrated digital twins for a healthy indoor environment with special considerations of the above four emerging techniques and issues. This review contributes to the body of knowledge by advocating for the consideration of health in digital twin modeling and smart building services and presenting the research roadmap for digital twin-enabled healthy indoor environment.

关键词： digital twin     healthy indoor environment     building information modeling     occupant–building interaction     COVID-19    

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Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review

Shiliang WANG,Hui WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 565-574 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0801-2

摘要： Antibiotics are used widely in human and veterinary medicine, and are ubiquitous in environment matrices worldwide. Due to their consumption, excretion, and persistence, antibiotics are disseminated mostly via direct and indirect emissions such as excrements, sewage irrigation, and sludge compost and enter the soil and impact negatively the natural ecosystem of soil. Most antibiotics are amphiphilic or amphoteric and ionize. A non-polar core combined with polar functional moieties makes up numerous antibiotic molecules. Because of various molecule structures, physicochemical properties vary widely among antibiotic compounds. Sorption is an important process for the environment behaviors and fate of antibiotics in soil environment. The adsorption process has decisive role for the environmental behaviors and the ultimate fates of antibiotics in soil. Multiply physicochemical properties of antibiotics induce the large variations of their adsorption behaviors. In addition, factors of soil environment such as the pH, ionic strength, metal ions, and organic matter content also strongly impact the adsorption processes of antibiotics. Review about adsorption of antibiotics on soil can provide a fresh insight into understanding the antibiotic-soil interactions. Therefore, literatures about the adsorption mechanisms of antibiotics in soil environment and the effects of environment factors on adsorption behaviors of antibiotics in soil are reviewed and discussed systematically in this review.

关键词： adsorption     antibiotics     environment factors     soil    

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Ecological Risk Management of Drinking Water Project: The Case Study of Kunming City

Ji-liang Zheng,Jun Hu,Xuan Zhou,Ching Yuen Luk

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 311-319 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015045

摘要： Following rapid infrastructure development and industrialization, the problems of water pollution and water shortage have become more severe. Whether there is safe drinking water in cities has attracted wide attention. The ecological risk management of drinking water project is an important means of ensuring the safety of a drinking water source. Based on ecological risk assessment and management theories, this paper establishes an ecological risk management model and assessment system with the aim of providing theoretical guidance and scientific basis for formulating a policy on the safety and protection of drinking water sources in a city. Kunming is one of the cities plagued by severe water shortage in China. Its ecological risk management of drinking water has attracted the attention of both the local government and the public. Using Kunming as the case study, this paper conducts a comparative analysis and assessment on three major reservoirs that face ecological risks. It highlights the existing problems and gives helpful suggestions.

关键词： drinking water project     ecological risk     ecological risk assessment     risk management    

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Effect of environment change on the strength of cement/lime treated clays

Takenori HINO, Rui JIA, Seiji SUEYOSHI, Tri HARIANTO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 153-165 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0153-y

摘要： The field strengths of cement/lime treated clays were investigated in the Ariake Sea costal lowlands. The deposition environment of the investigation location is reconstructed and compared to the present ground environment. The mechanism of the ground environment change and its effect on the strength of cement/lime treated soil are discussed. The strength development of improved soil using cement and lime in different curing environments was investigated in the laboratory for studying the effect of environment change on the strength also. It has been found that the strength deterioration of improved soil in deep mixing method is due to 1) the ground environment change due to the secondary oxidation which results in low pH value and high organic content, and 2) the formations of the porous structures result from the elution of the calcium ions. Also, it has been found that the initial strength increase of the improved soil is related to the dissolved silica and that the dissolution of the silica in clay minerals needs long time. When examining the long-term strength for preventing strength degradation, the effect of environmental change has to be considered. The importance of measuring pH and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the ground for cement/lime solidification method is explained.

关键词： soil solidification     ground environment     strength deterioration     pH     oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)     silica    

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Sensitivity analysis of the deterioration of concrete strength in marine environment to multiple corrosive

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 175-190 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0791-z

摘要： The corrosion degradation behavior of concrete materials plays a crucial role in the change of its mechanical properties under multi-ion interaction in the marine environment. In this study, the variation in the macro-physical and mechanical properties of concrete with corrosion time is investigated, and the source of micro-corrosion products under different salt solutions in seawater are analyzed. Regardless of the continuous hydration effect of concrete, the damage effects of various corrosive ions (Cl–, SO42−, and Mg2+, etc.) on the tensile and compressive strength of concrete are discussed based on measurement in different salt solutions. The sensitivity analysis method for concrete strength is used to quantitatively analyze the sensitivity of concrete strength to the effects of each ion in a multi-salt solution without considering the influence of continued hydration. The quantitative results indicate that the addition of Cl– can weaken the corrosion effect of SO42− by about 20%, while the addition of Mg2+ or Mg2+ and Cl– can strengthen it by 10%–20% during a 600-d corrosion process.

关键词： sensitivity analysis     concrete strength     corrosion deterioration     multi-ion interaction     marine environment    

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风险矩阵方法与应用述评

朱启超,匡兴华,沈永平

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第1期   页码 89-94

摘要：

技术项目的风险管理一直深受美国国防部的重视。介绍了在美国国防采办风险管理中广泛应用的风险矩阵方法，并对其优缺点和适用性进行分析，结合我国国防预研技术项目管理的特点，提出我国开展技术性项目风险管理的思路。

关键词： 风险矩阵     风险管理     项目管理    

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Special Topic on environment and sustainable development

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 291-292 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1667-6

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Bioaerosol emissions variations in large-scale landfill region and their health risk impacts

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1593-9

摘要：

● The airborne bacteria in landfills were 4–50 times higher than fungi.

关键词： Microbial aerosols     Landfill sites     Health risk assessment     CALPUFF    

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Bioaerosol: A Key Vessel between Environment and Health

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1422-6

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Understanding and addressing the environmental risk of microplastics

期刊论文

Pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic environment in China: locally screening and environmental risk assessment

Yongshan CHEN,Xiuping XI,Gang YU,Qiming CAO,Bin WANG,François VINCE,Youwei HONG

期刊论文

The influencing factors of the WTP for the risk reduction of chemical industry accidents in China

Lei HUANG, Zhijuan SHAO, Weiliang BAO, Bailing DUAN, Jun BI, Zengwei YUAN

期刊论文

Major bridge projects——a multi-disciplinary approach

Klaus H. OSTENFELD, Erik Y. ANDERSEN

期刊论文

Application of MoS in the space environment: a review

期刊论文

Linking elements to outcomes of knowledge transfer in the project environment: Current review and future

期刊论文

Digital twin for healthy indoor environment: A vision for the post-pandemic era

期刊论文

Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment: a critical review

Shiliang WANG,Hui WANG

期刊论文

Ecological Risk Management of Drinking Water Project: The Case Study of Kunming City

Ji-liang Zheng,Jun Hu,Xuan Zhou,Ching Yuen Luk

期刊论文

Effect of environment change on the strength of cement/lime treated clays

Takenori HINO, Rui JIA, Seiji SUEYOSHI, Tri HARIANTO

期刊论文

Sensitivity analysis of the deterioration of concrete strength in marine environment to multiple corrosive

期刊论文

风险矩阵方法与应用述评

朱启超,匡兴华,沈永平

期刊论文

Special Topic on environment and sustainable development

期刊论文

Bioaerosol emissions variations in large-scale landfill region and their health risk impacts

期刊论文

Bioaerosol: A Key Vessel between Environment and Health

期刊论文